The Federal Reserve Banks of Boston and Atlanta convened a meeting of the Mobile Payments Industry Workgroup (MPIW) in November 2015 to discuss payments in the card not present (CNP) environment. The migration to EMV chip cards for card present payments in the U.S. is expected to shift more fraud to the CNP environment, at a time when consumers are increasingly using mobile devices to initiate CNP payments. Based on these trends, the discussion focused on: (1) differences between ecommerce and mcommerce; (2) vulnerabilities and fraud associated with CNP transactions; and (3) risk management solutions to combat CNP fraud. Several key points emerged from the discussion: 1) authentication continues to evolve; (2) focus on the money movement and adjust fraud solutions; and (3) the human factor still plays an important role despite advancements in fraud prevention and detection technologies.